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How do we do software development?
Where do we start?
zWhat’s the vision?
zWhat’s The problem?
zWhat are the requirements?
zWhat’s the plan?
zWhat’s the design?
zWhat’s the solution?
zWhat’s the architecture?
zWhat’s the vision, again?
PROCESS
Unfortunately, not very well.

Talk about the 1950 to 1995 numbers and Grace Hopper’s contribution.
Often, we start from the middle and not from the top. So that causes downstream problems because nobody really knows what is being accomplished. Particularly when the good old organizational shell game occurs.
This usually changes the course of the project - from bad to worse.